ABSTRACT
Nucleic acid vaccine based on messenger RNA (mRNA) is a kind of mRNA technology emerging in recent years. mRNA vaccines have many advantages over traditional vaccines, which can be manufactured in a cell-free manner, enabling rapid, economical and efficient production. In addition, single mRNA vaccines can encode multiple antigens, enhance the immune response against certain pathogens, improve the efficiency of treatment process of diseases, and can target multiple microbial or viral variants in a single formulation. mRNA is seen as a revolutionary vaccine technology in COVID-19 prevention and control, which has been developed and successfully applied in record time. The mRNA vaccine is with poor stability, so the development and applications of novel delivery systems are essential. With the intensive study of pharmacology of mRNA vaccines, the clinical applications of mRNA vaccines enter into a new stage. Recently, mRNA technologies were used in the prevention and therapies of diseases, and some results were published. Here, the output of mRNA vaccines used in prevention and therapies of diseases was summarized, and the development of mRNA vaccines was also discussed. © 2022, China Biotechnology Press. All rights reserved.